Formula
n₀ = z²p(1−p) ÷ e²; finite-population n = n₀ ÷ [1 + (n₀−1)/N]; draw size = usable n ÷ (1−unusable rate), rounded up.
What the result means
The usable sample is the estimated number of completed tests needed for the selected precision assumptions; the draw size adds an allowance for unavailable or unusable items.
This calculator estimates a random-sample size for a proportion. It does not replace a regulator-mandated method, stratification, discovery protocol, or professional sampling judgment.