Calculate the overall dilution factor of a multi-step qPCR dilution and the resulting concentration. Enter the stock concentration and up to three sequential dilution ratios to see the cumulative factor, final concentration, and fraction of the original sample remaining.
Overall dilution factor = step 1 factor × step 2 factor × step 3 factor. Final concentration = starting concentration ÷ overall dilution factor.
Use the main result as a planning estimate and read the supporting metrics to understand which assumptions drive it.
Results depend on the entered assumptions. Confirm critical decisions with measured operational data or a validated laboratory protocol.
Three consecutive 1:10 dilutions produce a 1,000-fold overall dilution. A starting concentration of 1,000,000 copies/µL becomes 1,000 copies/µL.
It uses only the values entered on the page and the formula shown above. Review the inputs whenever operating conditions or lab protocols change.
Use measured averages where possible and include the provided overage, utilization, overlap, or efficiency input rather than hiding variability in another field.
Zero is accepted only where it has a meaningful interpretation. The calculator blocks zero denominators and other combinations that cannot produce a valid result.
No. It is a planning aid. Confirm reagent compatibility, instrument limits, assay performance, and pipetting feasibility with your validated protocol.
Keep full precision through the calculation and round only the quantities you need to measure or report. The calculator follows that approach internally.
| Input | Unit | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Starting concentration | copies/µL | Initial standard or sample concentration |
| Step 1 dilution factor | × | Enter 1 to skip dilution |
| Step 2 dilution factor | × | Enter 1 if unused |
| Step 3 dilution factor | × | Enter 1 if unused |