Formula
Usable time per event = min(viewing window, event duration) × duty factor. Total usable observation time = usable time per event × number of events.
What the result means
The result is accumulated instrument-on time inside both the event and viewing constraints. Window-limited and burn-limited cases are identified so the next design improvement is clear.
This simplified estimate assumes every event has the same window and duty factor. It does not model occultation, lighting, slew time, or event-to-event geometry.